Author: Michael Volkov

GE’s $36 Million ITAR Penalty — A Wake-Up Call for Export Control Compliance

The U.S. State Department’s Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) recently imposed a $36 million penalty on General Electric (GE) for widespread violations of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). The enforcement action highlights persistent compliance failures across multiple dimensions — including technical data exports, licensing errors, and internal control breakdowns — and serves as a critical reminder of the risks companies face in...

Building a Best-in-Class AI Use Policy: Core Elements for an Effective Compliance Framework

As companies accelerate adoption of artificial intelligence tools across business functions, one reality is becoming increasingly clear: AI risk is not theoretical—it is operational, immediate, and enterprise-wide. From generative AI tools used in marketing and legal functions to machine learning embedded in products and decision-making systems, organizations face a rapidly evolving risk landscape that cuts across privacy, cybersecurity, intellectual property, employment law, and regulatory compliance....

Is Your AI Risk Assessment Ready? (Part 2)

Here are 3 more reasons you may think twice about letting ChatGPT run your compliance program. First, content monitoring. The content that you generate through Chat GPT or any AI service can raise real risks with regard to improper intellectual property, data privacy risks where you name certain individuals or name certain identifiers, and most importantly, remember your third-party risks. When it comes to AI...

DOJ Declination in Balt Medical: A Clear Signal on Self-Disclosure, Cooperation, and Remediation

The Department of Justice’s recent declination in the Balt Medical matter provides another important data point in understanding how DOJ is applying its updated Corporate Enforcement and Voluntary Self-Disclosure Policy in practice. While declinations are always fact-specific, this letter offers a textbook example of how a company can navigate a significant FCPA issue and still avoid criminal prosecution. The declination letter, issued to Balt SAS,...

FinCEN’s Proposed AML Reform Signals a Shift Toward Risk-Based Enforcement and Program Accountability

On April 7, 2026, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) unveiled a sweeping proposed rule aimed at modernizing anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) compliance obligations under the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA). The proposal, developed in coordination with federal banking regulators, reflects a significant evolution in how regulators evaluate compliance programs, enforce obligations, and encourage innovation. At...

Episode 406 — AI Risks and Compliance – Building a Governance Framework

Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming business operations—but it is also introducing a new generation of legal, ethical, and compliance risks. In this episode, we explore how AI risk is accelerating across organizations, from data leakage and bias to over-reliance on flawed outputs and hidden third-party exposure. Drawing on real enforcement trends and practical examples, we explain why AI risk is fundamentally a human and governance...

Is Your AI Risk Assessment Ready? (Part 1)

Are you actually thinking of turning over your compliance program to ChatGPT? If so, you need to listen to this. AI has to be implemented in a methodical way, a step-by-step program. So let’s talk about those steps. First, you need a governance structure, meaning you have to have an organization responsible across the entire organization for all your uses of AI. Second, like every...

Episode 405 — DOJ Balt Declination: Individual Accountability in Action

In this episode, we examine the Department of Justice’s declination in the Balt Medical case—a textbook example of how DOJ is applying its Corporate Enforcement Policy in practice. Despite a multi-year foreign bribery scheme involving payments to a physician at a state-owned hospital, DOJ declined to prosecute the company based on its timely self-disclosure, full cooperation, and effective remediation. But the real story lies in...

Episode 404 — Venezuela Sanctions Update

In this episode, we break down the sweeping shift in U.S. sanctions policy toward Venezuela following the 2026 political transition and the issuance of multiple new general licenses by the Office of Foreign Assets Control. While the U.S. has opened the door to significant commercial activity—particularly in oil, gas, and minerals—this is not a full lifting of sanctions but a highly conditional framework with strict...

DOJ’s Balt Case: A Textbook Example of Declination in Exchange for Individual Accountability

For years, the Department of Justice has tried to sharpen a simple message: companies that voluntarily disclose misconduct, cooperate fully, remediate effectively—and identify responsible individuals—can earn significant credit, including declinations. The recent Balt matter is one of the clearest examples yet of that policy in action. On the one hand, DOJ issued a declination to Balt, a medical device company, despite a multi-year bribery scheme...